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How to Copy a File in Linux: Commands, Options, and When to Use Each

Copying files is one of the most fundamental tasks in Linux — and while the concept is simple, the actual mechanics offer far more control than most users realize. Whether you're working on a desktop distro like Ubuntu, managing a headless server, or writing shell scripts, understanding how file copying works in Linux helps you avoid mistakes and work more efficiently.

The Core Command: cp

The primary tool for copying files in Linux is the cp command (short for copy). At its most basic: