Free Guide to Locating Your Previous Tax Returns

Understanding Why You Might Need Your Previous Tax Returns

Your tax returns from prior years serve many practical purposes throughout your financial life. When you apply for a mortgage, lenders typically request copies of your last two years of tax returns to verify your income and assess your ability to repay a loan. Landlords may ask for returns when you're renting an apartment to confirm you can afford monthly payments. Banks sometimes require returns when you're opening a business account or seeking a business loan. If you're going through a divorce, both parties often need previous returns for settlement discussions. Students and their families may need returns when completing financial aid forms for college. Self-employed individuals must keep returns for several years to demonstrate business income trends to creditors.

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The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) recommends keeping tax records for at least three years from the date you filed your return or the date you paid taxes, whichever is later. However, in certain situations—such as if you didn't report income that you should have, or if you claim a loss from worthless securities—the IRS may look back six years. Keeping records for seven years provides an extra safety margin for most taxpayers. Your tax returns are also valuable personal documents that show your financial history, which becomes important when you need to prove income, verify tax filing status, or reference deductions you've claimed.

Beyond these practical reasons, knowing where your returns are located helps you stay organized. Many people file taxes once a year and then forget where the documents ended up. When you need them months or years later, the search can feel overwhelming. This guide walks through the most common places where previous returns exist and how to locate them systematically.

Practical Takeaway: Before you start searching, think about what you need the return for. Different situations may require different documents—you might need just the first page showing your filing status and total tax paid, or you might need complete returns with all schedules.

Retrieving Returns from the IRS Directly

The IRS maintains records of returns you've filed with them for many years. If you filed a return with the federal government, the IRS has a copy on file. The most straightforward way to request a copy is through the IRS's official transcript service. The IRS offers several types of transcripts, and understanding which one you need can save you time. A "Tax Return Transcript" shows the main information from your filed return and is what most people need when they're asked to provide a copy of their return. A "Tax Account Transcript" shows your account history with the IRS, including any payments or adjustments. A "Verification of Non-Filing" confirms that you didn't file a return in a particular year—useful if someone needs proof you didn't file.

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You can order transcripts through several methods. The easiest option for many people is to visit the IRS website at irs.gov and use their online transcript ordering tool. You'll need to create an account or log in with an existing account. The process involves verifying your identity through a few security questions. Once you've been verified, you can immediately view your transcripts online, or you can request that the IRS mail them to you. Transcripts ordered online typically arrive within five to ten business days if you request mailing. Viewing them online is instant, though some organizations still require an official printed copy with an IRS seal.

If you don't want to use the online tool, you can call the IRS at 1-800-829-1040 during business hours. An IRS representative can help you request transcripts by phone. You'll need to provide your Social Security number, date of birth, and filing status for verification. The IRS will then mail your transcripts to the address on file with your return. This method takes longer—typically seven to ten business days—but works if you're not comfortable using the online system.

For people who prefer written requests, the IRS also accepts paper forms. Form 4506-C is the "Request for Tax Return Transcript" and can be mailed to your regional IRS office. You can find the correct address for your state on the IRS website. This method is slower and typically takes three to four weeks, so it's best used when you're not in a time crunch.

Practical Takeaway: The IRS online transcript tool is usually the fastest way to get a copy. Have your Social Security number, date of birth, and filing status ready before you start. If you want an official document with an IRS seal, request that the transcript be mailed to you rather than viewing it only online.

Locating Paper and Digital Copies at Home

Many people keep tax returns at home, either in paper form or as digital files. If you've filed taxes yourself and kept the documents, you may have returns stored in several places. Paper returns are often kept in a file cabinet, desk drawer, or storage box. Some people organize them by year in manila folders or binders. Others may have filed them away in a box marked "Important Documents" or "Taxes." If you're searching at home, start with obvious locations: filing cabinets, desk drawers, shelves in your office or bedroom, closets, under beds, or basement storage areas. Check any safe or lockbox you might use for important documents.

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Digital files are equally important to search for. If you've filed electronically using tax software or an accountant, your returns may exist as PDF files or documents on your computer. Check your Downloads folder first, as many people save files there without moving them. Then search your Documents folder, Desktop, and any other folders where you typically save files. Use your computer's search function to look for filenames containing "tax," "1040," "return," or the year you're looking for. On a Windows computer, use the search box in File Explorer. On a Mac, use Spotlight search by pressing Command-Space and typing keywords.

Email is another place where digital returns hide. Tax software programs often send copies of your completed return to your email address. Search your email inbox and archived folders for messages from tax preparation software companies like TurboTax, H&R Block, or TaxAct. Search for messages containing "tax," "return," or the software company's name. Check your spam or promotions folder as well—sometimes these emails get filtered there. If the email included an attachment, you can download the PDF from the email message.

Cloud storage services like Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive, or iCloud may also contain your returns. If you use any of these services, log into your account and search for files with names containing "tax" or the year. Some people automatically save their tax documents to cloud storage for backup, so this is worth checking even if you don't remember doing it deliberately.

Practical Takeaway: Create a system for storing future returns so you can find them easily. Consider keeping one master folder on your computer called "Tax Returns" organized by year, and back it up to cloud storage or an external drive. For paper returns, use a consistent storage location like a labeled file box or filing cabinet drawer.

Getting Copies from Your Tax Preparer or Accountant

If you paid someone to prepare your tax return, that person or firm should have a copy of your filed return. Tax preparers—whether they're certified public accountants (CPAs), enrolled agents (EAs), or tax preparation businesses—keep client records for a certain number of years. By law, most tax professionals keep client files for at least three to seven years. Your tax preparer is often the easiest source for getting a copy of your return because they likely have it organized in their filing system and can send it quickly.

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Start by contacting the tax preparer or accounting firm that handled your return. If you remember the name of the person or business, search your email for their name to find contact information. If you paid by check, look at old bank statements to see who you paid for tax preparation. That name should help you locate the business. Call them and explain that you need a copy of your return from a specific year. Provide your name and the tax year you're looking for. Many firms will email a PDF copy to you within a few hours or a business day. Some may charge a small fee for retrieving old records, though many do this at no charge for former clients.

If the tax preparation business has closed or moved, the process becomes more complex. Sometimes another firm bought the practice and inherited the old client files. Try searching online for the original business name along with words like "acquired" or "merged" to see if you can find where the records went. If the business has truly disappeared, your best option is to get a transcript from the IRS, which will show the same information that was on your original return.